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EDEM Contact Models
A Contact Model describes how elements behave when they come into contact with each other.
Particle Body Force Contact Models
You can define a particle body force to act on particles when a specified condition is met, when particles are in certain positions, or are traveling at a specified velocity.
Drag Model
The Drag contact model is the most commonly used drag model for spherical and non-spherical particles (based on sphericity).

Welcome
About EDEM
EDEM is a high-performance simulation software for bulk and granular materials.
What's New
New features and enhancements available in EDEM.
Release Notes
This section contains information about the EDEM release, such as key features, enhancements, bug fixes, and known issues.
Tutorials
Start using EDEM functionality with our interactive tutorials.
Get Started with EDEM
The EDEM user interface comprises three icons for each simulation component - Creator, Simulator, and Analyst.
EDEM Creator
EDEM Creator is the pre-processor for creating an EDEM simulation model, including setting up equipment and defining the generation of bulk materials.
EDEM Simulator
EDEM Simulator is a powerful solver used for fast and efficient simulations.
EDEM Analyst
EDEM Analyst is the post-processor used to analyze and visualize the results of your simulation.
EDEM Contact Models
A Contact Model describes how elements behave when they come into contact with each other.
- Base Contact Models
  Base Contact models define the physical collision between particle materials or particles and geometries.
- Rolling Friction Contact Models
  Rolling Friction is the resistive force that slows down the motion of a rolling object.
- Spinning Friction Contact Model
  The Spinning Friction contact model is used to account for the friction that would occur if a particle face is rotating against another particle or Geometry.
- Additional Contact Models
  You can also add Additional contact models to a simulation.
- Particle Body Force Contact Models
  You can define a particle body force to act on particles when a specified condition is met, when particles are in certain positions, or are traveling at a specified velocity.
  - Temperature Update Model
    The Temperature Update contact model must be used in combination with the Heat Conduction contact model to ensure the function of the Heat Conduction algorithm as described in (Chaudhuri, Muzzio and Tomassone 2006).
  - Drag Model
    The Drag contact model is the most commonly used drag model for spherical and non-spherical particles (based on sphericity).
  - Lift Model
    Lift models allow you to add a lift force to particles. This is applicable in scenarios where the particles are interacting with fluids.
- Plug-in Contact Models
  You can add Plug-in contact models to a simulation.
- Field Data Manager
  Field Data Manager allows you to import and manage field data for use in a Custom model (typically, a Particle Body Force).
- Contact Model and GPU Device Compatibility
  The Multi-Sphere solver can run on two different engines such as CPU and CUDA.
EDEM Cal Utility
EDEM Cal is a utility which works with EDEM and is designed to assist in performing calibration.
GPU CUDA Guide
The EDEM CUDA GPU module uses the latest General Purpose Computing on Graphical Processing Units (GPU) technology.
Programming Guide
The EDEM Programming Guide describes the EDEM API.
Coupling Interface Programming Guide
The Coupling Interface Programming Guide provides an overview of how to use the EDEM Coupling Interface to couple with a generic CFD code and/or Multi Body dynamics codes.
EDEMpy
EDEMpy is a Python library for accessing EDEM data from .h5 files (the underlying EDEM file format). EDEMpy does not require prior knowledge of advanced programming.
EDEM Solver Capabilities
EDEM contains four solver engines.
Appendix
This section provides additional information about how to estimate simulation time, supported EDEM File types, attribute definitions, and so on.
EDEM Terminology
Definitions of terms used in EDEM.
References and Bibliography
This section cites the contributions made by various authors and sources that have been used as reference material for EDEM, and the specifics of how they have been applied can be found in the individual contact model sections.

Drag Model

The Drag contact model is the most commonly used drag model for spherical and non-spherical particles (based on sphericity).

The drag force is the primary contributor to particle motion in practically all particle-laden flows. Therefore, this force needs to be calculated precisely in order to simulate particle-fluid flows successfully.


Name	Description and Parameter Values
Schiller and Naumann Drag	This drag model requires an imported velocity vector field or user-defined flow field. In addition, you specify the fluid density and viscosity and particle scale factor used.
Morsi and Alexander Drag	This drag model requires an imported velocity vector field or user defined flow field. In addition, you must specify the fluid density and viscosity and particle scale factor used.
Haider & Levenspiel Drag	You must specify the sphericity of each particle type used (default of 1 is a perfect sphere). This value is used in the drag calculation to account for non-spherical particles. This drag model requires an imported velocity vector field or user defined flow field. In addition, you must specify the fluid density and viscosity and particle scale factor used.
Ganser Drag	You must specify the sphericity of each particle type used (default of 1 is a perfect sphere). This value is used in the drag calculation to account for non-spherical particles. This drag model requires an imported velocity vector field or user defined flow field. In addition, you must specify the fluid density and viscosity and particle scale factor used.

Note:

You cannot apply more than one Drag model to the simulation. However, this is not recommended as the Drag models are designed as stand-alone models.
After selecting and applying a Drag model, you must import a Velocity field using the Field Data Manager or specify a fixed velocity in the Drag model.
This model requires an imported velocity vector field called 'velocity' (in lower case) or a user-defined flow field.