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Introduction to Feko
Feko is a comprehensive electromagnetic solver with multiple solution methods that is used for electromagnetic field analyses involving 3D objects of arbitrary shapes.
Feko Applications
Feko is applicable to a wide range of applications in electromagnetic engineering.
Antenna Design
Feko’s broad range of solution methods technologies makes it applicable to solve a range of different antenna types.

Welcome
Release Notes
See what's new in the latest release.
Get Started
The Feko Getting Started Guide contains step-by-step instructions on how to get started with Feko.
Examples
The Feko Example Guide contains a collection of examples that teaches you Feko concepts and essentials.
Introduction to Feko
Feko is a comprehensive electromagnetic solver with multiple solution methods that is used for electromagnetic field analyses involving 3D objects of arbitrary shapes.
- Feko Overview
  Feko is a comprehensive computational electromagnetics (CEM) software product used widely in the telecommunications, automotive, aerospace and defense industries.
- Feko Applications
  Feko is applicable to a wide range of applications in electromagnetic engineering.
  - Antenna Design
    Feko’s broad range of solution methods technologies makes it applicable to solve a range of different antenna types.
  - Antenna Placement
    It is often necessary to understand (and optimise) how an antenna's performance is influenced by the structure (for example, an aeroplane, vehicle or ship) it is mounted on.
  - Radar Cross Section / Scattering
    The scattering performance of an object describes how energy is scattered when the object is exposed to incident electromagnetic fields.
  - Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Analysis
    Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) analysis is not only used to predict emission and immunity performance, but also in the product design phase to mitigate problems due to external or co-site interfaces.
  - Waveguides
    Feko is well suited to the simulation and optimisation of waveguide components. Due to the typically metallic structures, they can be analysed accurately and efficiently with the method of moments (MoM) and finite element method (FEM) solvers.
  - Radomes
    Although radomes are designed to be transparent, they typically have some small effect on the antenna performance which needs to be quantified.
  - Bio-Electromagnetics
    Electromagnetic simulation plays a key role in designing products and investigating safety aspects for healthcare systems, which often include wireless telemetry.
  - Special Materials
    Synthetic materials like composites are used increasingly in product design.
  - Microstrip Circuits
    Feko offers tools for microstrip circuit design and analysis of filters, resonators, couplers, passive components like spiral inductors, or even complex feed structures for array antennas.
- How to Get Started
  If you are new to Feko, take the following steps to learn about Feko.
- About This Manual
  The Feko User Guide is part of the Feko documentation and is an extensive reference guide to using Feko.
CADFEKO
CADFEKO is used to create and mesh the geometry or model mesh, specify the solution settings and calculation requests in a graphical environment.
POSTFEKO
POSTFEKO, the Feko post processor, is used to display the model (configuration and mesh), results on graphs and 3D views.
EDITFEKO
EDITFEKO is used to construct advanced models (both the geometry and solution requirements) using a high-level scripting language which includes loops and conditional statements.
Feko Solution Methods
One of the key features in Feko is that it includes a broad set of unique and hybridised solution methods. Effective use of Feko features requires an understanding of the available methods.
Optimisation in Feko
Feko offers state-of-the-art optimisation engines based on generic algorithm (GA) and other methods, which can be used to automatically optimise the design and determine the optimum solution.
Feko Utilities
The Feko utilities consist of PREFEKO, OPTFEKO, ADAPTFEKO, the Launcher utility, Updater and the crash reporter.
Description of the Output File of Feko
Feko writes all the results to an ASCII output file .out as well as a binary output file .bof for usage by POSTFEKO. Use the .out file to obtain additional information about the solution.
Feko Application Macros
A large collection of application macros are available for CADFEKO and POSTFEKO.
Scripts and Application Programming Interface (API)
CADFEKO and POSTFEKO have a powerful, fast, lightweight scripting language integrated into the application allowing you to create models, get hold of simulation results and model configuration information as well as manipulation of data and automate repetitive tasks.
Appendix
Reference information is provided in the appendix.

Antenna Design

Feko’s broad range of solution methods technologies makes it applicable to solve a range of different antenna types.

For example, the method of moments (MoM) solver is well suited to solve metallic antennas while the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is a better choice for broadband or multi-band antennas.

Typical antennas types including wire antennas, microstrip antennas, horn and aperture antennas with lenses, broadband and multi-band antennas, multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) designs for wireless communications, reflectors, phased arrays and conformal antennas.

Key features:

Variety of accurate, powerful and reliable 3D electromagnetic (EM) solution methods, including dedicated tools for designing windscreen antennas.
Unique characteristic mode analysis (CMA) solver for intelligent design.
Dedicated tools for antenna arrays including periodic boundary condition (PBC) for repeating structures and domain Green’s function method (DGFM) for large, but finite arrays.
Parametric modelling and a powerful optimisation engine.

Figure 1. A base station antenna including supporting mast (on the left) and a log periodic antenna (to the right).