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Examples
The Feko Example Guide contains a collection of examples that teaches you Feko concepts and essentials.
Special Solution Methods
Simple examples demonstrating using continuous frequency range, using the MLFMM for large models, using the LE-PO (large element physical optics) on subparts of the model and optimising the waveguide pin feed location.
Characterised Surfaces for FSS
Use characterised surfaces with ray launching geometrical optics (RL-GO) for an efficient solution of a frequency selective surface (FSS).
Creating the Characterised Surface
Use the .tr file and create a characterised surface for simulation with RL-GO.
Viewing the Results
View and post-process the results from the characterised surface in POSTFEKO.

Welcome
Release Notes
See what's new in the latest release.
Get Started
The Feko Getting Started Guide contains step-by-step instructions on how to get started with Feko.
Examples
The Feko Example Guide contains a collection of examples that teaches you Feko concepts and essentials.
- Antenna Synthesis and Analysis
  Simple examples demonstrating antenna synthesis and analysis.
- Antenna Placement
  Simple examples demonstrating antenna placement.
- Radar Cross Section (RCS)
  Simple examples demonstrating radar cross section (RCS) calculations of objects.
- EMC Analysis and Cable Coupling
  Simple examples demonstrating electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) analysis and cable coupling.
- Waveguide and Microwave Circuits
  Simple examples demonstrating using waveguides and microwave circuits.
- Bio Electromagnetics
  Simple examples demonstrating phantom and tissue exposure analsysis.
- Time Domain
  A simple example demonstrating the time analysis of an incident plane wave on an obstacle.
- Special Solution Methods
  Simple examples demonstrating using continuous frequency range, using the MLFMM for large models, using the LE-PO (large element physical optics) on subparts of the model and optimising the waveguide pin feed location.
  - Forked Dipole Antenna (Continuous Frequency Range)
    Calculate the input admittance for a simple forked dipole.
  - Using the MLFMM for Electrically Large Models
    Consider the resource saving advantage of using the MLFMM for electrically large models
  - Horn Feeding a Large Reflector
    Calculate the gain for a cylindrical horn feeding a parabolic reflector at 12.5 GHz. The reflector is electrically large (diameter of 36 wavelengths) and well separated from the horn. Several techniques available in Feko are considered to reduce the required resources for electrically large models.
  - Optimise Waveguide Pin Feed Location
    Analyse the effect of the pin offset on the reflection coefficient using an optimisation grid search and the NGF solution settings.
  - Characterised Surfaces for FSS
    Use characterised surfaces with ray launching geometrical optics (RL-GO) for an efficient solution of a frequency selective surface (FSS).
    - Creating the FSS Model and Writing the .TR File
      Generate a .tr file for an FSS element.
    - Creating the Characterised Surface
      Use the .tr file and create a characterised surface for simulation with RL-GO.
      - Characterised Surface with RL-GO
        Define a characterised surface that uses the .tr file.
      - Defining Calculation Requests
        Define the calculation requests in CADFEKO.
      - Running the Feko Solver
        Run the Solver to compute the calculation requests.
      - Viewing the Results
        View and post-process the results from the characterised surface in POSTFEKO.
- User Interface Tools
  Simple examples demonstrating using Feko application automation, matching circuit generation with Optenni Lab and optimising a bandpass filter with HyperStudy.
Introduction to Feko
Feko is a comprehensive electromagnetic solver with multiple solution methods that is used for electromagnetic field analyses involving 3D objects of arbitrary shapes.
CADFEKO
CADFEKO is used to create and mesh the geometry or model mesh, specify the solution settings and calculation requests in a graphical environment.
POSTFEKO
POSTFEKO, the Feko post processor, is used to display the model (configuration and mesh), results on graphs and 3D views.
EDITFEKO
EDITFEKO is used to construct advanced models (both the geometry and solution requirements) using a high-level scripting language which includes loops and conditional statements.
Feko Solution Methods
One of the key features in Feko is that it includes a broad set of unique and hybridised solution methods. Effective use of Feko features requires an understanding of the available methods.
Optimisation in Feko
Feko offers state-of-the-art optimisation engines based on generic algorithm (GA) and other methods, which can be used to automatically optimise the design and determine the optimum solution.
Feko Utilities
The Feko utilities consist of PREFEKO, OPTFEKO, ADAPTFEKO, the Launcher utility, Updater and the crash reporter.
Description of the Output File of Feko
Feko writes all the results to an ASCII output file .out as well as a binary output file .bof for usage by POSTFEKO. Use the .out file to obtain additional information about the solution.
Feko Application Macros
A large collection of application macros are available for CADFEKO and POSTFEKO.
Scripts and Application Programming Interface (API)
CADFEKO and POSTFEKO have a powerful, fast, lightweight scripting language integrated into the application allowing you to create models, get hold of simulation results and model configuration information as well as manipulation of data and automate repetitive tasks.
Appendix
Reference information is provided in the appendix.

Viewing the Results

View and post-process the results from the characterised surface in POSTFEKO.

View the E-field above the characterised surface on a Cartesian graph. The results are compared to those calculated with a full solution using MLFMM where the geometry of the FSS element was duplicated to create the finite 31x31 element sheet.

Table 1. Computational requirements
31x31 FSS element sheet	Memory	Run time
Characterised surface - RL-GO	91 MB	9 sec
Full solution - MLFMM	332 MB	408 sec

Note the significant reduction in computational requirements over the MLFMM solution.

A practical example where the characterised surface is extremely useful is shown below: an FSS nosecone radome is represented using this feature. Due to the size and complexity of the structure, it becomes prohibitive to model and solve with a full wave solution. However it can be solved readily with the characterised surface approach.

Figure 1. E-field above the characterised surface for 2 theta angles.

Figure 2. Full model of the 31x31 element FSS sheet solved with MLFMM.

Figure 3. E-feld distribution through an FSS radome calculated using a characterised surfaces.