Material data

1. Lamination data

Here are the properties needed to define a new lamination:

Category	Label	Unit
Description	Name	*
	Family	*
	Author	*
	Manufacturer	*
	Memo	*
Economic	Price	USD/kg
Mechanical data	Sheet thickness	mm
	Stacking factor	1
	Mass density	kg/m3
	Young modulus	N/m2
	Poisson ratio	1
Magnetic data	Relative permeability	1
	Magnetic polarization at saturation Js	T
	Relative permeability	1
	Knee coefficient	1
Iron Loss	Hysteresis loss coefficient (kh)	1
	Exponent of B for the hysteresis losses (αh)	1
	Exponent of f for the hysteresis losses (βh)	1
	Classical loss coefficient - Sine wave (kc x kαc)	1
	Classical loss coefficient - Any wave (kc)	1
	Exponent for the classical losses (αc)	1
	Excess loss coefficient - Sine wave (ke x kαe)	1
	Excess loss coefficient - Any wave (ke)	1
	Exponent of B for the excess losses (αe)	1
Thermal data	Reference temperature - Tref	°C
	Thermal conductivity in the lamination direction at Tref	W/K/m
	Thermal conductivity in the lamination insulation at Tref	W/K/m
	Equivalent thermal conductivity in the lamination depth at Tref	W/K/m
	Specific heat at Tref	J/K/kg

Note: The B(H) curve is defined with an analytical model given in the Advanced section: Create a B(H) curve.

Note: A stacking factor is considered to define the B(H) curve to analyze the behavior of the magnetic circuit of the machine.

The user must define the magnetic characteristics of the solid material while the magnetic characteristics of the lamination stack are automatically deduced considering the value of the stacking factor.

See Advanced section: Create a B(H) curve.

Note: Electric properties are defined via iron loss model.

Note: Iron losses are defined with an analytical model given in Advanced section: Define iron loss parameters.

Note: The thermal conductivity “in depth” along the stacking direction: K _d is computed as follows:

S _f	Stacking factor
K _ins	Thermal conductivity of the lamination insulation
K _lam	Thermal conductivity in the lamination

Note: The thermal conductivity of laminated regions is constant whatever is the temperature of the region.

2. Solid data

Here are the properties needed to define a new solid:

Category	Label	Unit
Description	Name	*
	Family	*
	Author	*
	Manufacturer	*
	Memo	*
Economic	Price	USD/kg
Mechanical data	Mass density	kg/m3
	Young’s modulus (E)	N/m2
	Poisson’s ratio (ν)	1
	Shear modulus (G)	N/m2
Electrical data	Reference temperature (Tref)	°C
	Isotropic resistivity at Tref.	Ohm*m
	Temperature coefficient at Tref.	1/K
Magnetic data	Magnetic polarization at saturation J _s	T
	Relative permeability	1
	Knee coefficient	1
Thermal data	Reference Temperature Tref	°C
	Isotropic thermal conductivity at Tref	W/K/m
	Specific heat at Tref	J/K/Kg

Note: The B(H) curve is defined with an analytical model as described in the Advanced section: Create a B(H) curve.

Note: Iron losses are not considered in solid materials.

Note: The relation between the electrical resistivity and the temperature is described in Advanced section: “Impact of temperature on physical properties”.

Note:

The thermal conductivity of solid regions is constant whatever is the temperature of the region.

3. Magnet data

Here are the properties needed to define a new magnet:

Category	Label	Unit
Description	Name	*
	Family	*
	Author	*
	Manufacturer	*
	Memo	*
Economic	Price	USD/kg
Mechanical data	Mass density	kg/m3
Electrical data	Reference temperature (Tref)	°C
	Isotropic resistivity at Tref.	Ohm*m
	Temperature coefficient at Tref.	1/K
Magnetic data	Reference temperature (Tref)	°C
	Remanent induction Br at Tref	T
	Reverse temperature coefficient α for Br	1/K
	Relative permeability μ _r	1
	Intrinsic Coercivity HcJ at Tref	A/m
	Reverse temperature coefficient b for HcJ	1/K
	Energy product (B.H) max	J/m3
	Normal coercivity field Hcb at Tref	A/m
	Maximum operating temperature	°C
	Curie temperature	°C
Thermal data	Reference temperature (Tref)	°C
	Isotropic thermal conductivity at Tref	W/K/m
	Specific heat at Tref	J/K/Kg

Note: The relations between the remanent induction, the intrinsic coercivity and the temperature are described in advanced section: “Impact of temperature on physical properties”.

Note: The thermal conductivity of the magnet regions is constant whatever is the temperature of the region.

4. Electric conductor data

Here are the properties needed to define a new electrical conductor:

Category	Label	Unit
Description	Name	*
	Family	*
	Author	*
	Manufacturer	*
	Memo	*
Economic	Price	USD/kg
Mechanical data	Mass density	kg/m3
Electrical data	Reference temperature Tref	°C
	Isotropic resistivity at Tref.	Ohm*m
	Temperature coefficient at Tref.	1/K
Thermal data	Reference temperature (Tref)	°C
	Isotropic thermal conductivity at Tref	W/K/m
	Specific heat at Tref	J/K/Kg

Note: Non-magnetic behavior.

Note: The relation between the electrical resistivity and the temperature is described in Advanced section: “Impact of temperature on physical properties”.

5. Electric insulator data

Here are the properties needed to define a new electrical conductor:

Category	Label	Unit
Description	Name	*
	Family	*
	Author	*
	Manufacturer	*
	Memo	*
Economic	Price	USD/kg
Mechanical data	Mass density	kg/m3
Thermal data	Reference temperature (Tref)	°C
	Isotropic thermal conductivity at Tref	W/K/m
	Specific heat at Tref	J/K/Kg

Note: Non-electrical and non-magnetic behavior.

6. Gas data

Here are the properties needed to define a new gas:

Category	Label	Unit
Description	Name	*
	Family	*
	Author	*
	Manufacturer	*
	Memo	*
Economic	Price	USD/kg
Mechanical data	Reference pressure Pref	Pa
	Mass density reference temperature TrefD	°C
	Mass density at TrefD and Pref	kg/m3
	Mass density first order temperature coefficient at TrefD and Pref	K-1
	Mass density second order temperature coefficient at TrefD and Pref	K-2

	Dynamic viscosity reference temperature - TrefV	°C
	Dynamic viscosity at TrefV	kg/m/s
	Dynamic viscosity first order temperature coefficient at TrefV	K-1
	Dynamic viscosity second order temperature coefficient at TrefV	K-2
Thermal data	Thermal conductivity reference temperature - TrefC	°C
	Thermal conductivity at TrefC	W/K/m
	Thermal conductivity first order temperature coefficient at TrefC and Pref	K-1
	Thermal conductivity second order temperature coefficient at TrefC and Pref	K-2

	Specific heat reference temperature - TrefS	°C
	Specific heat at TrefS and Pref	J/K/kg
	Specific heat first order temperature coefficient at TrefS and Pref	K-1
	Specific heat second order temperature coefficient at TrefS and Pref	K-2

Note: Gas are considered to have no electrical and no magnetic properties.

7. Liquid data

Here are the properties needed to define a new liquid:

Category	Label	Unit
Description	Name	*
	Family	*
	Author	*
	Manufacturer	*
	Memo	*
Economic	Price	USD/kg
Mechanical data	Mass density reference temperature TrefD	°C
	Mass density at TrefD and Pref	kg/m3
	Mass density first order temperature coefficient at TrefD and Pref	K-1
	Mass density second order temperature coefficient at TrefD and Pref	K-2

	Dynamic viscosity reference temperature - TrefV	°C
	Dynamic viscosity at TrefV	kg/m/s
	Dynamic viscosity first order temperature coefficient at TrefV	K-1
	Dynamic viscosity second order temperature coefficient at TrefV	K-2
Thermal data	Thermal conductivity reference temperature - TrefC	°C
	Thermal conductivity at TrefC	W/K/m
	Thermal conductivity first order temperature coefficient at TrefC and Pref	K-1
	Thermal conductivity second order temperature coefficient at TrefC and Pref	K-2

	Specific heat reference temperature - TrefS	°C
	Specific heat at TrefS and Pref	J/K/kg
	Specific heat first order temperature coefficient at TrefS and Pref	K-1
	Specific heat second order temperature coefficient at TrefS and Pref	K-2

	Thermal expansion reference temperature - TrefE	°C
	Thermal expansion coefficient at TrefE	K-1
	Thermal expansion first order temperature coefficient at TrefE	K-1
	Thermal expansion second order temperature coefficient at TrefE	K-2