PBEAML

Bulk Data Entry Defines the properties of a beam element by cross-sectional dimensions that are used to create beam elements via the CBEAM entry.

Format


(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)
PBEAML	`PID`	`MID`	`GROUP`	`TYPE`/ `NAME`	`ND`
	`DIM1(A)`	`DIM2(A)`	etc	`NSM(A)`	`SO(1)`	`X(1)`/ `XB`	`DIM1(1)`	`DIM2(1)`
	etc	`NSM(1)`	etc	`SO(B)`	`X(B)`/ `XB`	`DIM1(B)`	`DIM2(B)`	etc
	`NSM(B)`

* The format of this Bulk Data Entry is somewhat unusual as the field locations can vary depending on the number of dimensions used to define the cross-section.

Optional continuation line for cross section integration (section type BAR & ROD only):


(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)	(10)
+	`INT`	`Q_ORDER`

Example


(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)	(7)	(8)	(9)
PBEAML	99	21		T
	12.	14.8	2.5	26.		NO	0.4	6.
	7.	1.2	2.6		YES	0.6	6.	7.8
	5.6	2.3		YES

Definitions


Field	Contents	SI Unit Example
`PID`	Unique simple beam property identification. Integer Specifies an identification number for this property. <String> Specifies a user-defined string label for this property. 2 No default (Integer > 0 or <String>)
`MID`	Material identification. 1 2 Integer Specifies a material identification number. <String> Specifies a user-defined material identification string. No default (Integer > 0 or <String>)
`GROUP`	Indicates if an arbitrary beam section definition is to be used. Refer to Arbitrary Beam Section Definition in the User Guide. If the value of this field is HYPRBEAM, the following field is `NAME`; otherwise it is `TYPE`. Default = blank (blank or HYPRBEAM)
`TYPE`	Cross-section shape. When `GROUP` field is blank, this field is `TYPE`. No default (BAR, BOX, BOX1, CHAN, CHAN1, CHAN2, CROSS, H, HAT, HEXA, I, I1, L, ROD, T, T1, T2, TUBE, or Z)
`NAME`	Name of arbitrary beam section definition. Refer to Arbitrary Beam Section Definition in the User Guide. When the value of `GROUP` is HYPRBEAM, this field is `NAME`. No default (Character string)
`ND`	Number of dimensions used to specify the Cross-section shape. This is required when the value of the `GROUP` field is HYPRBEAM. `ND` represents the total number of dimensions used to define an Arbitrary Beam Section. Default = blank
`DIMi(A)`	Cross-section dimensions at end A. No default (Real > 0.0)
`NSM(A)`	Nonstructural mass per unit length at end A. Default = 0.0 (Real)
`SO(#)`	Stress output request option for intermediate station #. Stress output is not supported for intermediate stations so this field must be set to NO.
`X(#)`/`XB`	Distance from end A to intermediate station # in the element coordinate system, divided by the length of the element. Default = 1.0 (Real > 0.0)
`DIMi(#)`	Cross-section dimensions at intermediate station #. (Real > 0.0)
`NSM(#)`	Nonstructural mass per unit length at intermediate station #. Default = 0.0 (Real)
`SO(B)`	Stress output request option for end B. YES (Default) NO
`X(B)`/`XB`	Distance form end A to end B in the element coordinate system, divided by the length of the element. This must be 1.0
`DIMi(B)`	Cross-section dimensions at end B. (Real > 0.0)
`NSM(B)`	Nonstructural mass per unit length at end B. Default = 0.0 (Real)
`INT`	Continuation line flag indicating that beam integration information is to follow.
`Q_ORDER`	Quadrature order for cross-section integration. Defines the quadrature order for calculating the number of integration points automatically distributed in the section (for BAR and ROD section types only). `Q_ORDER` defines the number of sub-sections in the beam cross-section. BAR (Default) 5 (5x5 integration points) ROD (Default) 4 (17 integrations points) Explicit Analysis (0 < Integer <= 5) Implicit Analysis (0 < Integer <= 9)

Comments

For structural problems, MID may reference only a MAT1 material entry. For heat transfer problems, MID may reference only a MAT4 material entry.
String based labels allow for easier visual identification of properties, including when being referenced by other cards. (For example, the PID field of elements). For more details, refer to String Label Based Input File in the Bulk Data Input File.
Up to eleven stations are allowed (end A and B, and nine intermediate stations #).

The cross-sectional properties, shear flexibility factors, and stress recovery points (C, D, E, and F) are computed using the TYPE and DIMi as shown below. The element coordinate system is located at the shear center.

Figure 1. `TYPE` = BAR	Figure 2. `TYPE` = BOX
Figure 3. `TYPE` = BOX1	Figure 4. `TYPE` = CHAN
Figure 5. `TYPE` = CHAN1	Figure 6. `TYPE` = CHAN2
Figure 7. `TYPE` = CROSS	Figure 8. `TYPE` = H
Figure 9. `TYPE` = HAT	Figure 10. `TYPE` = HEXA
Figure 11. `TYPE` = I	Figure 12. `TYPE` = I1
Figure 13. `TYPE` = L	Figure 14. `TYPE` = ROD
Figure 15. `TYPE` = T	Figure 16. `TYPE` = T1
Figure 17. `TYPE` = T2	Figure 18. `TYPE` = TUBE
Figure 19. `TYPE` = Z

For PBEAML entries with more than one section, an equivalent PBEAM entry is derived. An echo request will cause a printout of the derived PBEAM.
Stress recovery is only allowed at end A and end B. Stress recovery at intermediate stations is not supported.
For TYPE=ROD, if X(1)/XB is equal to 1.0, then the DIM(1)A references the radius of the beam at end A and DIM(1)B references the radius of the beam at end B and there are no intermediate stations. This element is a tapered beam formulation, and averaging is not used to determine the average radius of the beam. Instead, the true tapered beam formulation is used with the given dimensions. The true tapered beam formulation is only available for TYPE=ROD.

Figure 20.
DIMi and NSM have to be specified fully on station A. On station B, blank means that the dimensions are the same as at A. On other stations, it is a linear interpolation between A and B.
The NSM specified at end A is the default value for NSM at end B. The default for all other stations is a linear interpolation between end A and end B. So, for a constant NSM over the length of the beam, only NSM at end A is required.
The mass of the element is calculated as:
$Mass = density * beam_area * beam_length + NSM * beam_length$
If the NSM value is different in different stations, it is averaged over all the stations and the average is used in the element calculation.

For TYPE=ROD or TYPE=BAR, the integrated beam formulation is available. In this case, the beam is computed using cross-section integration. The integration points are automatically distributed in the section according to the quadrature order and the type of the section. For BAR, the number of integration points is Q_ORDER*Q_ORDER. For TYPE=ROD and TYPE=BAR, the integrated beam formulation is automatically activated with default parameters if the reference material is MATS1.

Some examples of integration point distribution in beam cross sections based on the Q_ORDER value are shown below:

Figure 21. BAR Section `Q_ORDER` = 5 (Default)	Figure 22. BAR Section `Q_ORDER` = 4
Figure 23. ROD Section `Q_ORDER` = 4 (Default)	Figure 24. ROD Section `Q_ORDER` = 5

This card is represented as a property in HyperMesh.