model PlungerCylinder
import HydraulicsByFluidon.Media.Base.FluidInterface;
import SI = Modelica.SIunits;
parameter SI.Length cylinderDiameter = 0.1 "Inner diameter of cylinder"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Geometry"));
parameter SI.Length plungerDiameter = 0.05 "Plunger diameter"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Geometry"));
parameter SI.Length cylinderLength = 0.4 "Cylinder length"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Geometry"));
parameter SI.Length plungerLength = 0.4 "Plunger length"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Geometry"));
parameter SI.Angle angle = 0 "Inclination angle"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Geometry"));
parameter SI.Volume deadVolume = 1e-4 "Dead volume"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Geometry"));
parameter SI.Mass massPlunger = 50 "Plunger mass"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Mass"));
parameter SI.Mass massCylinder = 40 "Cylinder mass"
annotation (Dialog(group = "Mass"));
SI.Position stroke(start = 0) "Distance between cylinder and piston";
SI.Velocity relVelocity(start = 0) "Relative speed between cylinder and piston";
SI.AbsolutePressure pA(start = environment.pAmbient, nominal = 100000) "Pressure in chamber A";
parameter Real fProp(final unit = "N.s/m", final min = 0) = 10000 "Velocity dependent friction"
annotation (Dialog(
tab = "Losses",
group = "Friction"));
parameter Modelica.SIunits.Force fCoulomb = 250 "Constant friction/Coulomb force"
annotation (Dialog(
tab = "Losses",
group = "Friction"));
parameter Modelica.SIunits.Force fBreakaway = 500 "Breakaway friction force"
annotation (Dialog(
tab = "Losses",
group = "Friction"));
parameter Modelica.SIunits.Velocity vM = 0.005 "Velocity parameter for Stribeck friction"
annotation (Dialog(
tab = "Losses",
group = "Friction"));
parameter Boolean relFric = false "Use \"relative friction factor\" to calculate friction"
annotation (
Dialog(
tab = "Losses",
group = "Friction"),
Evaluate = true,
HideResult = true,
choices(checkBox = true));
parameter Real relFricFactor = 0 "Relative friction factor"
annotation (Dialog(
tab = "Losses",
group = "Friction"));
parameter SI.Velocity vSmall = 1e-4 "Relative velocity near to zero"
annotation (Dialog(
tab = "Losses",
group = "Friction"));
parameter SI.VolumeFlowRate leakageFlowRateExternal(min = 0) = 0 "External leakage: volume flow"
annotation (Dialog(
tab = "Losses",
group = "Leakage"));
parameter SI.Pressure leakagePressureDiffExternal(min = 0) = 1e+7 "External leakage: pressure difference"
annotation (Dialog(
tab = "Losses",
group = "Leakage"));
parameter Modelica.SIunits.Density leakageReferenceDensity = 860 "Reference density for volume flow and pressure difference"
annotation (Dialog(
tab = "Losses",
group = "Leakage"));
Modelica.Mechanics.Translational.Interfaces.Flange_a flange_c annotation (Placement(
visible = true,
transformation(
origin = {-100, 0},
extent = {
{-10, -10},
{10, 10}},
rotation = 0),
iconTransformation(
origin = {-120, 0},
extent = {
{-10, -10},
{10, 10}},
rotation = 0)));
Modelica.Mechanics.Translational.Interfaces.Flange_b flange_p annotation (Placement(
visible = true,
transformation(
origin = {100, 0},
extent = {
{-10, -10},
{10, 10}},
rotation = 0),
iconTransformation(
origin = {160, 0},
extent = {
{-10, -10},
{10, 10}},
rotation = 0)));
HydraulicsByFluidon.Interfaces.FluidPort fluidPortA "Hydraulic port A"
annotation (Placement(
visible = true,
transformation(
extent = {
{-90, -90},
{-70, -110}},
rotation = 0),
iconTransformation(
extent = {
{-90, -50},
{-70, -70}},
rotation = 0)));
Modelica.Blocks.Interfaces.RealOutput strokeOut "Relative position of piston"
annotation (Placement(
visible = true,
transformation(
extent = {
{100, 50},
{120, 70}},
rotation = 0),
iconTransformation(
extent = {
{112, 30},
{132, 50}},
rotation = 0)));
HydraulicsByFluidon.Components.Base.SimplePlunger internalCylinder(angle = angle, cylinderLength = cylinderLength, deadVolume = deadVolume, fCoulomb = fCoulomb, fProp = fProp, fBreakaway = fBreakaway, massCylinder = massCylinder, massPiston = massPlunger, pistonDiameter = cylinderDiameter, rodDiameterB = plungerDiameter, rodLength = plungerLength, vM = vM, vSmall = vSmall, relFric = relFric, relFricFactor = relFricFactor) annotation (Placement(
visible = true,
transformation(
origin = {-32, 0},
extent = {
{-19, -8},
{21, 12}},
rotation = 0)));
HydraulicsByFluidon.Components.Volumes.OpenTank leakageTank annotation (Placement(
visible = true,
transformation(
origin = {20, -50},
extent = {
{-10, -10},
{10, 10}},
rotation = 0)));
HydraulicsByFluidon.Components.Resistors.IdealResistor externalLeakage(forwardFluidProperties = true, NominalPressureDifference = leakagePressureDiffExternal, NominalVolumeFlow = leakageFlowRateExternal, ReferenceDensity = leakageReferenceDensity, resistorType = HydraulicsByFluidon.Types.TResistorTypes.Throttle) annotation (Placement(
visible = true,
transformation(
origin = {-10, -40},
extent = {
{-10, -10},
{10, 10}},
rotation = 90)));
protected
outer HydraulicsByFluidon.Media.Environment environment;
equation
connect(fluidPortA,externalLeakage.fluidPortB) annotation (Line(
points = {
{-80, -100},
{-80, -100},
{-80, -40},
{-20, -40},
{-20, -40}},
color = {0, 93, 152}));
connect(externalLeakage.fluidPortA,leakageTank.fluidPort) annotation (Line(
points = {
{0, -40},
{20, -40},
{20, -40},
{20, -40}},
color = {0, 93, 152}));
connect(externalLeakage.fluidPortB,internalCylinder.fluidPortA) annotation (Line(
points = {
{-20, -40},
{-40, -40},
{-40, -6},
{-40, -6},
{-40, -6}},
color = {0, 93, 152}));
connect(internalCylinder.flange_c,flange_c) annotation (Line(
points = {
{-44, 0},
{-100, 0}},
color = {0, 127, 0}));
connect(internalCylinder.flange_p,flange_p) annotation (Line(
points = {
{-44, 0},
{-100, 0}},
color = {0, 127, 0}));
connect(internalCylinder.strokeOut,strokeOut) annotation (Line(
points = {
{-20, 4},
{-20, 60},
{110, 60}},
color = {0, 0, 127}));
pA = internalCylinder.pA;
stroke = internalCylinder.stroke;
relVelocity = internalCylinder.relVelocity;
annotation (
defaultComponentName = "plungerCylinder",
Documentation(info = "<html>\n <p>\n Model of a plunger cylinder with Stribeck friction and volumetric losses.\n </p>\n <p>\n The fundamental geometrical properties of the plunger cylinder are the cylinder and \n plunger diameters (<var>Inner diameter of cylinder</var>, <var>Plunger diameter</var>) as well as the\n lengths of the cylinder and the plunger (<var>Cylinder length</var> and <var>Plunger length</var>). \n By using the parameter <var>Inclination angle</var>, \n the inclination of the cylinder with respect to the horizon can be adjusted. \n The resulting forces due to gravity are taken into account automatically.\n </p>\n <p>\n For dynamic calculations, the masses of the plunger and the cylinder are required. These\n can be provided by specifying the parameters <var>Plunger mass</var> and <var>Cylinder mass</var>.\n The dynamic mass of the fluid, which acts as an additional inertia, is automatically taken\n into account by the model.\n </p>\n <p>\n The parameters <var>Breakaway friction force</var>, <var>Constant friction/Coulomb force</var>, <var>Velocity dependent friction</var> \n and <var>Velocity parameter for Stribeck friction</var> (velocity where the friction force begins to grow linearly) characterize \n the velocity dependence of the friction force between piston and cylinder.\n Instead of using the Stribeck friction model, a simplified friction calculation can be enabled by setting the check mark <var>relFric</var>. In this case,\n the friction force equals the net force acting on the interface between piston and cylinder multiplied by the parameter <var>Relative friction factor</var>.\n Regardless of which friction model is used, the friction force is not influenced by the inclination of the cylinder or the system pressure.\n The parameter <var>Relative velocity near to zero</var> is used by the internal state machine of the cylinder model \n and determines the velocity below which the piston is considered stuck.\n </p>\n <p>\n <center><img src=\"modelica://HydraulicsByFluidon/Resources/Images/Components/Cylinders/DiagramStribeckFriction.png\" width=\"400\"></center>\n </p>\n <p>\n The pressure in the chamber can be initialized by assigning start values to <var>Pressure in chamber A</var>.\n The parameter <var>Dead volume</var> determines the size of the parasitic volume which remains even if the plunger has reached the mechanical stops at the cylinder ends.\n </p>\n <p>\n The volumetric losses due to external leakage are parameterized by providing the flow rate (<var>External leakage: volume flow</var>),\n associated pressure drop (<var>External leakage: pressure difference</var>) and the fluid density \n <var>Reference density for volume flow and pressure difference</var> for which these values were obtained.\n </p></html>"),
Icon(
coordinateSystem(
extent = {
{-190, -80},
{210, 120}},
initialScale = 0.1),
graphics = {
Rectangle(
fillColor = {255, 255, 255},
pattern = LinePattern.None,
fillPattern = FillPattern.Solid,
extent = {
{-90, -40},
{90, 40}}),
Line(points = {
{90, 10},
{90, 40},
{-90, 40},
{-90, -40},
{90, -40},
{90, -10}}),
Rectangle(
fillColor = {255, 255, 0},
fillPattern = FillPattern.Solid,
extent = {
{-50, -30},
{130, 30}}),
Line(
points = {
{130, 0},
{160, 0}},
color = {0, 127, 0}),
Line(
points = {
{-90, 0},
{-120, 0}},
color = {0, 127, 0}),
Text(
lineColor = {0, 0, 255},
extent = {
{-90, 100},
{90, 60}},
textString = "%name",
horizontalAlignment = TextAlignment.Left),
Line(points = {
{-80, -40},
{-80, -60}}),
Line(points = {
{90, 40},
{120, 40}})}));
end PlungerCylinder;